A 4-year-old girl was admitted with the complaint of pain in lower abdomen and dysuria. She had exstrophy repair at 6th month of life. Radiographic investigations revealed a large bladder calculus. An innovative treatment in the form of laser lithotripsy was carried out to prevent damaging an already highly compromised urinary bladder with an open surgery.

Polyorchidism, which means one or more additional testicles, is a congenital anomaly and is seldom observed. In many polyorchidism patients, there is one supernumerary testicle (SNT) (triorchidism) whose left face is often the presentation. Two-sided SNT is very rare, and has been reported only in six cases. Here, we are presenting a male case who was six years old with bilaterally SNT (quadriorchidism) in scrotum that presented as asymptomatic masses.

Chronic Kidney Disease affects approximately 10% of the world’s adult population: it is within the top 20 causes of death worldwide, and its impact on patients and their families can be devastating. World Kidney Day and International Women’s Day in 2018 coincide, thus offering an opportunity to reflect on the importance of women’s health and specifically their kidney health, on the community, and the next generations, as well as to strive to be more curious about the unique aspects of kidney disease in women so that we may apply those learnings more broadly. Girls and women, who make up approximately 50% of the world’s population, are important contributors to society and their families. Gender differences continue to exist around the world in access to education, medical care, and participation in clinical studies. Pregnancy is a unique state for women, offering an opportunity for diagnosis of kidney disease, but also a state where acute and chronic kidney diseases may manifest, and which may impact future generations with respect to kidney health. There are various autoimmune and other conditions that are more likely to impact women with profound consequences for child bearing, and on the fetus. Women have different complications on dialysis than men, and are more likely to be donors than recipients of kidney transplants. In this editorial, we focus on what we do and do not know about women, kidney health, and kidney disease, and what we might learn in the future to improve outcomes worldwide.

Anogenital wart is the most frequently seen during sexually transmitted disease in sexually active adults caused by Human Papillomavirus. The transmission with sexual contact has been defined for anogenital warts which emerge during childhood, however other routes of infection are also considered. We presented a case of a female child who had two genital warts. There is no history or suspicion of sexual abuse and the girl was infected by her mother. In the cases of condyloma accuminata seen in childhood, taking history and physical examination for sexual abuse of the child should be done by the clinician in a detailed way. Opinions should be achieved from forensic experts about the case and the legal authorities should be notified of the suspicion.

Testicular tumors of the adrenogenital syndrome (TTAGS) are a rare disease, with a benign curse. We present the case of a 12-year-old patient with congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH), precocious puberty and bilateral testicular masses. Hormonal control had been adequate. Incidental finding of bilateral testicular masses, with negative testicular tumoral biomarkers. The patient underwent right testicular sparing surgery, finding an intraparenchymal nodular mass. Pathological study showed a TTAGS, positive for CD99, Melan A, inhibin and synaptophysin markers. Conservative management was decided.

Complication rates are gradually decreasing with new surgical techniques used in hypospadias repair. Even under the best conditions, various complications can develop after hypospadias surgery. The most common complication is urethrocutaneous fistula formation. In this case report, the fistula developed after failed hypospadias repair was successfully repaired with a buccal mucosal graft.